Core stability and cycling

Core stability has received considerable attention with regards to functional training in sports. Core stability provides the foundation from which power is generated in cycling. Abt, et al., (2007) determined the relationship between cycling mechanics and core stability. Hip, knee, and ankle joint kinematic and pedal force data were collected on 15 competitive cyclists while cycling untethered on a high-speed treadmill. Total frontal plane knee motion, sagittal plane knee motion, and sagittal plane ankle motion increased after the core fatigue protocol. Core fatigue resulted in altered cycling mechanics that might increase the risk of injury because the knee joint is potentially exposed to greater stress. Improved core stability and endurance could promote greater alignment of the lower extremity when riding for extended durations as the core is more resistant to fatigue (Abt, et al., 2007). McEwan, (2009) also determined the improve core strength for optimal performance and cycling injury prevention. Accordingly, the glutes, the oblique abdominals, and the back extensors are other muscles that must be working optimally to hold the form when the pressure is on.

Yoga and Core stability

Yoga is one of the trainings for core stability that has been mentioned through a few studies. For instance, the study conducted by Petrofsky and Morris (2005) demonstrated the effect of Yoga on the right and left rectus abdomens and of the right and left external oblique muscles. The “Uddhyana Bhanda” and “Nouli” are practices of Yoga that Omkar, Vishwas, and Tech (2009) applied to core stability. They also argued those practices that can affect lumber multifidus, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, internal obliques and external obliques muscles.

Pilates and core stability

Pilates and core stability
Julie, (2003) noted that Pilates can affect on core. His study mentioned that Pilates is a mind and body approach to fitness, including 6 basic principles such as breathing, precision, centering, flowing movement, control, and concentration. He presented several key movements and breathe patterns used in Pilates, including neutral pelvis, C-curve and spinal articulation, back muscle engagement, and abdominal muscle engagement. Making Pilates a regular part of one's fitness regimen can help achieve a longer, leaner looking physique, an increased energy and stamina, and fewer aches and pains from the stresses of everyday life. Another study conducted by Kane and Bell (2009) affirmed the effects of 6-week Pilates exercise on the 3 children, 9-11 years old. The effect of the program on motor skills, self-perceived adequacy for physical activity and balance, strength, and core stability activities was examined.

The Pilates training group improved in quickness and functional ability, both important components of lower extremity function. Pilates training can be beneficial for football linemen to increase quickness and the ability to move horizontally. Sander (2005) recognizes effect of Pilates training to increased lower extremity functional ability in Division II football players. Pilate’s exercises were shown to influence the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, thereby leading to an increase in strength and stability.