Researchers in their studies proclaim the effect of Swiss ball on the core stability. One study found that during biceps curls the activity in the rectus abdominis and external obliques increased (Moreside, Vera-Garcia, and McGill, 2007). Another study concluded that five weeks of Swiss ball core stability and balance exercises increased torso balance and EMG activity compared to conventional floor exercises in women (Cosio-Lima, Reynolds, winter, Paolone, and Jones, 2003).
Upper rectus abdomens and lower rectus abdomen are muscles of core area. (Duncan, 2009) investigated the effect of on and off Swiss ball exercise on those muscles. As the results of electromyography, muscle activity was greater when exercises were performed on a Swiss ball in comparison to a stable surface. Marshall and Murphy (2005) in the same study found this result as they assessed lumbo-pelvic muscle activity during different core stability exercises on and off a Swiss ball. Subjects performed four exercises on and off a Swiss ball: inclined press-up, upper body roll-out, single-leg hold, and quadruped exercise. They also found, there was a significant increase in the activation of the rectus abdominus with performance of the single-leg hold and at the top of the press-up on the Swiss ball. There was evidence to suggest that the Swiss ball provides a training stimulus for the rectus abdominus, and core stability.
Stanton, et al., (2004) examined the effect of a Swiss ball training program on core stability, VO2max, and running economy. Subjects were randomly divided into a Swiss ball group or a control group. Both groups continued to perform their normal physical training, which consisted of skills training and run-based conditioning.
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